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What is Mental Arifmetika and Why is it Important?

Mental arifmetika, also known as mental arithmetic or mental math, is the ability to perform calculations in one’s head without using any external tools such as paper, pencil, calculator or abacus. It is a skill that can be learned and improved with practice and training. Mental arifmetika is important because it helps develop various cognitive abilities such as memory, concentration, logic, creativity, speed and accuracy. It also enhances one’s confidence and self-esteem by overcoming the fear of numbers and math.

The History and Origin of Mental Arifmetika

Mental arifmetika has a long and rich history that dates back to ancient times. Many civilizations such as the Egyptians, Babylonians, Greeks, Romans, Indians, Chinese and Arabs used mental arifmetika for various purposes such as commerce, astronomy, engineering, architecture and art. Some of the famous mental arithmeticians in history include Pythagoras, Archimedes, Leonardo da Vinci, Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein and Shakuntala Devi. Mental arifmetika is also closely related to the use of abacus, a device that consists of beads or rods that slide along wires or grooves to represent numbers. The abacus was invented in China around 2000 BC and spread to other parts of Asia, Europe and Africa. The abacus is still used today in some countries such as Japan, Korea, China and India as a tool for teaching math and mental arifmetika.

The Benefits of Mental Arifmetika for Children and Adults

Mental arifmetika has many benefits for both children and adults. Some of the main benefits are:

Improves Cognitive Skills and Brain Function

Mental arifmetika stimulates both the left and right hemispheres of the brain, which are responsible for different functions such as language, logic, creativity, intuition and emotion. By practicing mental arifmetika regularly, one can improve the communication and coordination between the two sides of the brain, resulting in better cognitive skills and brain function.

Enhances Memory and Concentration

Mental arifmetika requires one to store and recall numbers in one’s mind while performing calculations. This helps improve one’s short-term and long-term memory as well as concentration. A good memory and concentration are essential for learning new things, retaining information and performing tasks efficiently.

Boosts Logical Thinking and Problem-Solving

Mental arifmetika involves applying various rules, methods and strategies to solve different types of problems. This helps develop one’s logical thinking and problem-solving skills, which are useful for various aspects of life such as education, work, personal development and decision making.

Increases Confidence and Self-Esteem

Mental arifmetika can help one overcome the fear of numbers and math that many people have. By mastering mental arifmetika skills, one can feel more confident and proud of oneself. This can also lead to better academic performance, career opportunities and social interactions.

How to Learn and Practice Mental Arifmetika

There are different ways to learn and practice mental arifmetika depending on one’s preference, level and goal. Some of the common methods are:

The Abacus Method

The abacus method is a traditional way of learning mental arifmetika that uses an abacus device to perform calculations. The abacus has beads or rods that represent different values and positions of numbers. By moving the beads or rods, one can perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and other operations. The abacus method helps one visualize and understand the concepts of numbers and arithmetic. It also trains one to use both hands and eyes to coordinate the movements of the abacus, which stimulates the brain.

The Soroban Method

The soroban method is a variation of the abacus method that uses a Japanese abacus called soroban. The soroban has four beads on each rod, with one bead above and three beads below a horizontal bar. The soroban method is similar to the abacus method, but it uses a simpler and more efficient system of notation and calculation. The soroban method helps one develop faster and more accurate mental arifmetika skills by using less beads and movements.

The Mental Calculation Method

The mental calculation method is a way of learning mental arifmetika that does not use any external tools, but relies on one’s own mental abilities. The mental calculation method involves learning various techniques, tricks and shortcuts to perform calculations in one’s head. Some examples of these techniques are splitting, doubling, halving, rounding, grouping, estimating, multiplying by 10s, dividing by 5s, using complements and inverses, etc. The mental calculation method helps one improve one’s memory, concentration, logic and speed by using less steps and resources.

The Online Training Method

The online training method is a modern way of learning mental arifmetika that uses the internet and technology to access various resources and apps. The online training method allows one to learn and practice mental arifmetika at one’s own pace, time and place. It also provides feedback, guidance and motivation through interactive features such as quizzes, games, videos, tutorials, forums, etc. The online training method helps one expand one’s knowledge, skills and interest by using diverse and fun media.

The Best Resources and Apps for Mental Arifmetika

There are many resources and apps available for learning and practicing mental arifmetika. Some of the best ones are:

Books and Websites

– Secrets of Mental Math: The Mathemagician’s Guide to Lightning Calculation and Amazing Math Tricks by Arthur Benjamin and Michael Shermer. This book teaches how to perform various mental math tricks and techniques for everyday situations such as shopping, tipping, converting units, etc. – Mental Math: Tricks To Become A Human Calculator by Abhishek V R. This book covers how to master the basics of mental math such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division as well as advanced topics such as fractions, decimals, percentages, roots, powers, etc. – Mental Math for Pilots: A Study Guide by Ronald D McElroy. This book is designed for pilots who need to perform quick and accurate calculations in the cockpit such as speed, distance, time, fuel consumption, etc. – Math Is Fun. This website offers a comprehensive collection of math topics, lessons, games, puzzles and worksheets for all levels and ages. – Mental Math Practice. This website provides a variety of mental math exercises for different operations and difficulty levels. – Mental Calculation World Cup. This website is the official site of the biennial competition that tests the mental calculation skills of participants from around the world.

Games and Exercises

– Sudoku. Sudoku is a popular puzzle game that involves filling a 9×9 grid with numbers from 1 to 9 without repeating them in any row, column or 3×3 box. Sudoku helps improve one’s logic, pattern recognition and concentration skills. – 24 Game. 24 Game is a card game that involves using four numbers and any of the four basic arithmetic operations to make 24. For example, with the numbers 3, 4, 5 and 6, one can make 24 by doing (6 x 4) – (5 + 3). 24 Game helps improve one’s mental calculation, creativity and speed skills. – Math Blaster. Math Blaster is a video game series that features various math-related challenges and adventures. Math Blaster helps improve one’s math knowledge, skills and confidence in a fun and interactive way.

Apps and Software

– Mental Math Master. Mental Math Master is an app that teaches how to perform mental math using the soroban method. It has various levels, modes and features to help one learn and practice mental math effectively. – Math Workout. Math Workout is an app that provides daily mental math exercises to keep one’s brain sharp and fit. It has different categories, levels and modes to suit one’s needs and preferences. – Mathemagics. Mathemagics is an app that reveals the secrets of mental math tricks and techniques. It has various topics, examples and quizzes to help one master mental math magic.

Conclusion

Mental arifmetika is a valuable skill that can benefit anyone who wants to improve their cognitive abilities, academic performance, career prospects and personal growth. It can be learned and practiced in various ways, such as using the abacus, the soroban, the mental calculation, or the online training method. There are also many resources and apps available to help one learn and practice mental arifmetika effectively. By dedicating some time and effort to mental arifmetika, one can achieve amazing results and enjoy the wonders of math.

FAQs

Q: What is the difference between mental arifmetika and mental calculation? A: Mental arifmetika is a broader term that encompasses any type of calculation done in one’s head without using any external tools. Mental calculation is a specific type of mental arifmetika that does not use any visual aids such as abacus or soroban, but relies on one’s own mental abilities. Q: How long does it take to learn mental arifmetika? A: The answer depends on various factors such as one’s age, level, goal, method, motivation and practice. Generally speaking, it takes some time and effort to learn mental arifmetika, but it can be done with consistent and regular practice. Q: Is mental arifmetika only for children or adults too? A: Mental arifmetika is for everyone who wants to improve their cognitive abilities, academic performance, career prospects and personal growth. It is never too late or too early to start learning and practicing mental arifmetika. Q: Is mental arifmetika useful in real life? A: Yes, mental arifmetika is very useful in real life. It can help one perform various tasks such as shopping, tipping, converting units, budgeting, planning, etc. It can also help one cope with situations such as exams, interviews, presentations, etc. Q: Is mental arifmetika fun? A: Yes, mental arifmetika can be fun if one approaches it with curiosity, enthusiasm and creativity. It can also be rewarding when one sees the progress and improvement in their skills and confidence.

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